This color film from 1975 explains the basics of 16mm film projection and was most likely made to instruct high school Audio-Visual Club members on how to exhibit 16mm films in the classroom. Beginning with a rudimentary explanation of how a 16mm film projector works, the film demonstrates how to clean and thread projectors, avoid film damage and mis-aligned soundtracks, and how best to set up a film projector and screen in a classroom. Projectors shown include a Kodak Pageant model, a Bell & Howell 540, and a Bell & Howell 1552. Produced by Henry Cheharbakhshi, with educational consulting provided by Robert Edmonds of Columbia College. Distributed by International Film Bureau Inc., Chicago, Illinois. Copyright 1975.
00:08 TITLE CARD 00:18 A high school class watches a film strip projected by a 16mm projector 00:50 Closeup of hands adjusting focus, volume knob, film passing through projector 01:09 Kodak Pageant model projector, Bell & Howell 540 model projector 01:15 Man threads film, accesses lamp, cleans film gate, identifies speaker, rewinds film 02:04 Animation explaining Picture Section versus Sound Section of film projector 02:33 Picture Section; Projection Lamp, Condenser, Projection Lens, Screen 03:20 Sound Section; Exciter Lamp, Soundtrack, Photocell, Amplifier, Speaker 04:32 Man demonstrates manual advance and automatic advance film projectors 05:13 Female student and man service projectors; posters of Humphrey Bogart, Charlie Chaplin and Clark Gable in the background 05:25 Film reels stored on shelves 05:45 Man in ARCO service station uniform cleans car windshield 05:58 Hand uses brush, cloth to clean projector lens 06:12 Parked car with smoking engine and open hood, man uses payphone 06:19 Dirt in projector aperture, scratched film 06:29 Closeups of projector rollers and gates; cotton swab, toothpick used to clean same 07:20 Film gate inspected 07:40 Film leader on the floor 07:48 Common threading mistakes resulting in damaged film 08:27 Wad of damaged film dropped into garbage can 08:32 Incorrect loop sizes demonstrated 08:50 Hand threads film over sound drum 09:02 Footage of man with smoking car engine used to demonstrate incorrectly timed soundtrack reading 09:49 Man loads film into Bell & Howell 1552 projector (auto-threading model) 10:18 Man places broken film end into take-up reel 10:52 Ideal projection screen placement demonstrated with scale model classroom 11:35 Supply of extra projector and exciter lamps 11:44 Female student rewinds reels of film 11:54 Female student wheels projector into classroom and sets it up; power cord taped down, speaker placed next to screen, film threaded into projector 13:26 Focus, framing, volume checked 13:59 CREDITS
Eastman Kodak first introduced 16mm film in 1923 as a less expensive alternative to 35mm film. The silent 16mm format was initially aimed at the home enthusiast, but by the 1930’s had begun to make inroads into the educational market. The addition of optical sound tracks and, most notably, Kodachrome in 1935, gave an enormous boost to its popularity. 16mm was the chosen format for films made for government, business, medical and industrial clients. 16mm projectors and films were phased out of use in schools beginning in the 1980’s with the advent of VHS and laserdisc formats.
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