This NASA color film HQ-207 The Knowledge Bank predates the SSS-A launch in November 1971. It opens with footage of the moon. There is a sophisticated scientific laboratory in space in the form of satellites that carry experiments from scientists of many nations (:05-:35). Historic inventors include Benjamin Franklin (:37-1:12), Michael Faraday (1:10), Wilhelm Roentgen (1:17), and Thomas Edison (1:25). The night launch of a rocket is shown (1:55-2:55). Various instruments in a launch control room are shown (3:09-3:37). Space science began with balloons carrying photographic film to detect cosmic rays in the troposphere and stratosphere (3:48-3:59). Beginning in 1945, sounding rockets began mapping the ionosphere, as recorded by giant dishes (4:00-4:25). This technology first discovered x-rays from the sun. In 1958, the James Van Allen team sent experiments on the satellite Explorer One and discovered the earth’s radiation belt and additional mapping has taken place (4:44-5:18). High altitude satellites concentrate on the magnetosphere (5:20-5:46). Sun flares affect all layers of our atmosphere (5:46-5:56). Various scientific instruments are shown in rapid succession (6:50-7:20). International cooperation programs include the US-UK, US-Canada, and multiple countries (7:34-7:40). Various nebulas and stars are shown (7:41-7:55). Various scientific instruments are shown in rapid succession (7:56-8:13). Next to be explored in the 1970s is the transition region of the upper atmosphere from 75-95 miles up. These spacecraft will carry small rocket engines to propel them (8:32-9:00) and instruments to measure the sun’s ultraviolet light (9:02). Molecules of boiling water are shown under a microscope (9:13-9:20) to simulate how the sun affects our atmosphere. A Small Scientific Satellite, SSS-A, will be launched by a Scout Vehicle Rocket from the Italian San Marco range (9:33-10:12). Already launched in the 1960s are OBOs, orbiting geophysical observatories (10:13-10:55). NASA plans to launch an additional three Interplanetary Monitoring Platforms or IMPs to research our magnetosphere (10:56-12:49). A rapid succession of various satellites are shown (12:50-13:09). Women tape together black and white film strips of the weather (13:34-13:46). Computer equipment, including a Univac 494, is shown (13:58-14:02). Inside a telescope laboratory, a physicist and an astronomer work together (14:18-14:50). They share studying the sun and its solar flares (14:52-15:39). The seventh Orbiting Solar Observatory (OSO) is tested at Cape Kennedy. It will send data line by line by which solar maps are created (16:14-17:40). OSOs study solar flares (17:42-17:47). In the film, NASA plans to put the manned orbiting Skylab into space, which it did May 14, 1973 (18:15-18:24). An Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO) very large satellite is shown in production and images of its pulsar mission (18:25-19:54). Radio astronomy ground stations discovered the pulsars (19:56-20:20). To study radio signals, NASA plan to launch a Radio Astronomy Explorer (RAE-B), which was launched June 15, 1973 (20:20-21:00). Small Astronomy Satellites (SAS) study gamma rays (21:18-21:40). In design is the High Energy Astronomical Observatory (HEAO) (21:45-22:25), which was launched in August 1977. Still to be studied are quasars and supernovas (22:55-23:30). Various images already seen finish the film.

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